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 (c) CHEMICAL REQUIREMENT OF RAW MATERIAL
Apart from the removal of  oxygen, no  other  major chemical change  takes place in direct reduction. The guage material  in sponge iron, originating  from  iron  ore, namely silica and alumina and the sulphur and phosphorus  contents adversely affect  the economics in subsequent steel making operation therefore the ore should be high in iron content and low in guage.
 Chemical Compositin    Percentage  
 Fe (Total)  65% (Minimum)

 SiO2 + Al2O3

 5% (Maximum)
 Sulphur  0.01% (Maximum)
 Phosphorus  0.06% (Maximum)
 Moisture  2% (Maximum)
 Size  5 - 18 mm.
   

COAL
Non-Cooking coal is generally used as reductant in the rotary kiln process. Other reductants such as authracite and lignite can be used.
   Chemical Composition    Percentage  
 Fixed carbon  40% to 55%
 Volatile matter  25% to 30%
 Ash  15% to 20%
     
 

 
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